Logistics company How to conduct banking business logistics?
Financing difficulties that restricted the development of SMEs “bottleneck” is the commercial banks and economists started studying the important issue. Currently, a financial innovation breakthroughs, “Logistics bank” secured loans business into being. Bank funds and logistics business combination, a break that most SMEs lack the financing of fixed assets arising from difficulties in securing guarantees remedy the problem.
1 Logistics bank origin definition and development
“Logistics bank” stands for logistics bank secured loans business means selling banks to the market, price volatility is small, in a state of normal trade flow to meet the requirements of logistics products and mortgages as credit conditions, the use of strong competitive logistics companies logistics information management system, the flow of bank funds and corporate logistics after the combination of small and medium enterprises provide financing, estimates and other banking services in one integrated service business bank. As the general business early in the production, to fixed assets will be mortgaged to the bank, which later caused the production phase, the company’s liquidity shortage, and once to expand production, there will be problem of the shortage of funds. This business is really aimed at SMEs lack the status of fixed assets can be designed for mortgage banks in integrated services.
As we all know, as a single financing channels, bank loans become the first choice for SME financing. However, the high bank lending conditions, is complicated and difficult issues are collateral for the corporate finance various barriers. Enterprises to develop and create their own “blood” lack of capacity, small and medium enterprises how to do? One of the main difficulties in financing small and medium enterprises lack effective security and collateral. In view of the low information transparency of SMEs, poor reliability of this situation, banks provide loans to SMEs, is bound to consider how to protect their own interests on this issue. In general, banks are given to judge the value of collateral cost, often lower than the loan business to judge the cost of future cash flows. Effective guarantee and mortgage, the borrower can not only reduce the probability of occurrence of moral hazard can substantially reduce bank lending to SMEs comprehensive cost. Therefore, the requirement to provide effective security and mortgage banks to provide loans to SMEs, the necessary preconditions. Of course, banks are very strict collateral requirements, the main preference is that the smooth transfer of the mortgaged property for sale and prices are stable. General preference for domestic banks in real estate mortgages, one reason is that China’s asset market is not yet developed, the third, because the banks lack of other assets such as machinery and equipment, inventories, accounts receivable identification and pricing power, Moreover, The easy to wear and tear of assets, more volatile. As mentioned above, SMEs are mostly limited by the scale of operations, or the need for business strategy, few fixed assets, land and housing shortage of collateral, usually difficult to provide collateral in line with bank standards, Social Credit is not ideal, so that they can hardly find reassuring the banks have the compensatory ability of the guarantor.
However, we also want to see these enterprises movable resources potential, they will have on hand for each company of raw materials, semi finished goods inventory, etc., if these resources can serve as a collateral matter, the case that financing will be much different. One of these chattel mortgage mortgage financing of goods in the European industrial enterprises, trading companies and banks over 200 years of history. This is a mature government and insurance companies are very capital operation. Mortgage financing of goods or storage is in the process of transport of goods, the goods transferred to the banks, by a certain percentage according to the market to provide financing. When the producers, traders or transport operators to bank financing to repay the amount, the bank to the agency responsible for transportation or storage issue instructions for delivery of goods, the goods right back to the original owner. Of course, if the lender provides financing during the period can not be repaid to the banks financing the amount of banks in international and domestic market, the auction held by banks in the hands of the cargo. Cargo Logistics mortgage finance business will be to support financial institutions abroad, and then in the case without government guarantees for effective operation. This approach has the advantage of bank financing without government or corporate security, but by ownership of transport and storage of goods that have been secured financing. It is also the risk of not operating futures, but in real goods as collateral. Mortgage financing of goods can increase the liquidity and reduce the cost of import and export commodities, thus reducing production costs, speed up the flow of funds to import and export commodities of the logistics business more competitive.
As the rapid development of SMEs, they increasingly need more financing channels, and the logistics industry in China in recent years gradually flourished, “Logistics bank” business was in keeping with the official launch of this need, so the financing of SMEs new breakthroughs, and also in respect of movable collateral taken a firm step.
2, the characteristics of the logistics and the role of banking
The logistics banking business in recent years in Maoming, Guangdong Development Bank, branch companies and chattel mortgage banking business, sublimation, and the bank compared to the existing chattel mortgage business, this business has a standardized, information, distance-based and extensive features:
(1) standard: the logistics of product quality and packaging standards are based on national standards and the standards stipulated in the agreement acceptance by the logistics company;
(2) Standardized: All chattel mortgage products are in accordance with uniform, standardized procedures by third-party logistics companies pledge custody, to ensure the validity of the pledge;
(3) Information: All collaterals care, have turned to logistics companies logistics information management system, the business manager available through the Internet, check the condition of a pledge;
(4) Remote technology: As logistics company with nationwide service network ensure that all parts of the Bank to carry out remote operations, and to ensure the rapid exchange of funds and timely delivery of planning and logistics;
(5) widespread: the business customers both in manufacturing and can also be circulation, both state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, and can also be joint-stock enterprises, but can also be large, medium and small enterprises of all types, short As long as these companies have qualified logistics products, can conduct this business.
Traditional enterprises to bank loans, are generally presented in the house, cars and other fixed assets for collateral, and the “logistics Bank” in addition to other on these mortgages, you can also take the flow of things, such as the original products, and finished goods to mortgages. Generally include raw materials such movable steel, nonferrous metals, cotton yarn, petroleum, etc., while finished products include home appliances, ceramic products, furniture and so on. Subject to pledge goods or raw materials, finished product standards can be secured. In this way, companies are able to activate out of movable property, originally brought the money to buy raw materials, through production, sell it turns into cash; But now, after the raw materials bought through financing in the warehouse immediately into cash. If the cash flow of shouting to do other uses, can increase the cash flow rate, this production has a great impetus. This financing for SMEs and provide a new way, the reason to carry out first in the Foshan branch, because Foshan has many small and medium enterprises, and its appliances, cloth, raw materials, steel and plastics market, which has a large number of Jing Zheng force strong, its products more popular in the market, relatively stable price producers of these products is to meet the mortgage credit, therefore, the characteristics of such enterprises are “logistics banks” take.
Meanwhile, mortgage financing of goods, “Logistics bank” services are involved, the factory sent the goods dealers, the whole transport process have been pledged, and such a company, factory, banks, dealers in these areas are effectively combine to form a dynamic way of pledge, the same as “mobile banking.” For example: a small business A business in the sales cycle within 21 days of goods sold 750,000 yuan, with logistics bank financing mode, with 60 million for deposit to open a 2 million of bank acceptance bills to the purchase of goods , manufacturers of goods made to a bank designated by the logistics business in A city’s warehouse by the logistics company responsible for monitoring collateral. A company 150,000 yuan in the bank deposit additional margin, the bank calculates shipments, logistics companies will be notified the same day sent to A company of goods sold. So, A Company with 37 days to complete the original sales model will take about 56 days to reach 200 million in sales volume, sales expanded by nearly 50%.
All in all, through the “Logistics banks” to resolve several major issues: first of all enterprises to effectively solve the funding problem; Second, dealers can ensure that the money received. Banks through the logistics information platform, able to cash flow, information flow and cargo flow unify the banks, producers, distributors, logistics and regulatory side of the square win-win situation.
3 Logistics Business Development Bank faces several problems and solutions
Logistics banking business as new banking business, 要 perfect sound and development must be appropriate Caozuo in the face He resolved some issues I would own knowledge and understanding, Tichu following Xiangguan for thought and the corresponding solutions.
3.1 The development of logistics banking risks and prevention
As mentioned earlier, “Logistics bank” secured loans business will really bring the financing of SMEs and facilitate the development of two-, commercial banks will also lead to greater market and profit returns, but opportunities also means that risk, then what against specific risk?
In practice, as a financial institution in terms of how to reduce risk is the most important. So the institutions in charge of the enterprise logistics should be the most direct and most effective spokesman, there are separate enterprises, merger, merger, reorganization, hosting, associates, etc. to property rights, management rights of the trade, but as the actual product distribution channels is constant, as the enterprise need to consider how the funds will activate precipitation, as the bank financial Jigou consider how to control the risks yes, you need Lejie collateral materials, Huo Wu’s specifications, models, quality, original price and net worth and sales area , and underwriters, to view the power of the original certificate, verify the authenticity, then the SME credit evaluation index system and financing access for the development of standards on the imperative, but also the establishment of standards for information collection and database of SMEs do better information sharing and feedback, while I also believe that a company may one day change very much, based on information the credit for SMEs is an urgent need to solve the update big problem.
3.2 to carry out banking business logistics logistics company put a higher demand
To a good job in the banking business, for the financing process as a third party involved in the logistics business also put forward higher requirements: first, to increase the business cost management issues after, followed by information collected some of the problems and, finally, the claim matters.
First, the logistics company to provide certain services for the personnel, material and information support systems, we must consider the cost of measurement and performance evaluation, which for the benefit of an enterprise is also important.
For this problem, I believe that companies should fundamentally change the management of business strategy, from the logistics business logistics cost management into the strategic management, the pursuit of social rationalization of logistics, the logistics of this whole process of rationalization from the pursuit of logistics cost savings from its bound strategic point to control costs, its influence will surely logistics point of view than from a more long-term cost control and profound, but also more stable. In the actual practice is to establish the rationalization of logistics, that is the lowest possible logistics cost to obtain the highest possible level of service to find the balance between cost and service, seek Li Run the largest and systematic optimization. Also, pay attention to logistics cost management subsystem, as an internal system to ensure all logistics enterprises in the large systems under the premise of profit maximization, rationalization of the logistics sub-system, select the appropriate mode logistics, coordinating the logistics links between reduce waste, improve operational efficiency, the introduction of appropriate technology tools, select the appropriate mode of transport, to subsystem minimize the cost.
Secondly, we all know that modern Qi Ye logistics, information Tebie yes Cheng Wei important customer information resources, to Ju You must fast for logistics Fan Ying Yong You ability to business fundamentals and Shi Shi information database and fierce market competition, Xu Yao establishing a certain binding mechanism to ensure confidentiality of information as a business security, this constraint mechanism is mainly to prevent disclosure of information is artificially, it can be through vocational ethics and appropriate to implement the provisions, and computer information systems play an important role in monitoring, Also have to mention here, companies fraud or update the information too slowly to the problem, resulting loss of third party logistics companies and frequent, due to the business but also about the interests of banks should attach great importance to this issue even more, so the logistics enterprises and the enterprises to do the inter-bank consultation, communication and basic work, make smooth and accurate flow of information.
Finally, pick up the goods pledged in the enterprise accountable both enterprises and banks in writing stamp, the third-party logistics company can release the goods. If due process does not complete the delivery caused by the loss of banks or business should be responsible for third party logistics.
3.3 to carry out banking business in the interests of the distribution logistics
Since it is a four-win-win, it must be profitable to consider how to allocate the problem is the logistics sub-benefit regulators, others are direct or indirect beneficiaries, distribution and reasonable to promote the logistics industry will play a role in promoting.
The author believes that: First, the logistics company to select their own optimum profitability and meet the requirements of the enterprise storage, cargo turnover frequency rapidly, promising enterprises operating in cooperation, in order to obtain more customer value; second, because to increase this business and increased operating costs, human costs should be accounted for clearly, if the funds are reasonable and the business plan to attract businesses to cooperate as the advantages.
4 Conclusion
In order to solve the problem of financing SMEs, in June 2004, the State Development and Reform Commission and the Guangdong Development Bank for SMEs Division launched a logistics joint banking, corporate finance advisory, online banking, working capital revolving loans, chattel mortgage, pledge of warehouse receipts , manufacturers of silver credit, bill discounting and other buyers pay interest to support the SMEs in the more than 20 new products, because with enough logistics banking business value, easy to pledge cash logistics products, is the addition of cash, debt collateral, the risk minimization bank credit business. It is understood that the banks in many cities in Guangdong have set up a “logistics banking” business. So you can believe that with the logistics banking business in depth, it will open up a new business financing road.
